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  1. Jan 23, 2021 · Definitions and Organization. Defining religiosity, spirituality, and secularism in a way that has validity across cultures is a challenge. Here, religiosity and spirituality will be understood to entail belief in the supernatural, or sacred, or “ultimate reality” (King et al. 2020, p. 593), while secularism will refer to the absence of such belief (Zuckerman and Thompson 2020).

    • Lene Arnett Jensen
    • 2021
  2. Divisions exist within Islam, but all Muslims are guided by five beliefs or practices, often called “pillars”: 1) Allah is the only god, and Muhammad is his prophet, 2) daily prayer, 3) helping those in poverty, 4) fasting as a spiritual practice, and 5) pilgrimage to the holy center of Mecca.

  3. Feb 2, 2021 · The sensory presence of gods and spirits is central to many of the religions that have shaped human history—in fact, many people of faith report having experienced such events. But these experiences are poorly understood by social scientists and rarely studied empirically. We present a multiple-discipline, multiple-methods program of research ...

    • Tanya Marie Luhrmann, Kara Weisman, Felicity Aulino, Joshua D Brahinsky, John C Dulin, John C Dulin,...
    • 10.1073/pnas.2016649118
    • 2021
    • 2021/02/02
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  5. Jun 15, 2021 · Introduction. According to the 2014 Religious Landscape Study by the Pew Research Center, 77% of all adults in the United States identify with a religious faith [].Various studies have found a link between religious involvement and decreased mortality [2–4], leading many to further examine the role religion and spirituality should play in healthcare delivery.

    • Victoria Dillard, Julia Moss, Natalie Padgett, Xiyan Tan, Ann Blair Kennedy
    • 10.1371/journal.pone.0252750
    • 2021
    • PLoS One. 2021; 16(6): e0252750.
  6. There is an interplay among religion, community, and culture. Community is essentially formed by a group of people who share common activities or beliefs based on their mutual affect, loyalty, and personal concerns. Participation in religious institutions is one of the most dominant community engagements worldwide.

  7. The book provides a review of the literature on different contributions of religion and spirituality to positive functioning and well-being and reviews religions across the world, including Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism, Sikhism, Native American religions, and Hinduism.

  8. Nov 18, 2022 · Importantly, religious and spiritual values, symbols, and practices achieve power through their connection to a higher authority (e.g., God) and to beliefs about ultimate ends (e.g., salvation, divine punishment). Here it is worth noting some of the limitations that plague work on the psychology of religion/spirituality.